medical term for goose egg

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11-10-2024

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What's a "Goose Egg" in Medical Terms? Understanding Cephalohematomas

Ever heard someone describe a bump on their head as a "goose egg"? While it's a common, informal term, it's not a recognized medical term. But what is the actual medical term for this common injury?

The medical term for a "goose egg" is a cephalohematoma. This term is derived from Greek words "kephale" (head) and "haima" (blood).

What is a Cephalohematoma?

A cephalohematoma is a collection of blood that forms beneath the periosteum, the membrane that covers the bones of the skull. This pooling of blood occurs due to trauma or injury to the head, leading to bleeding under the periosteum.

Difference from Contusions and Hematomas:

It's essential to differentiate a cephalohematoma from a contusion, a bruise, or a subgaleal hematoma, a blood collection beneath the scalp. While these injuries all involve bleeding, they occur in different locations:

• Cephalohematoma: Under the periosteum, directly attached to the skull bone.
• Contusion: In the soft tissues beneath the skin.
• Subgaleal hematoma: In the space between the periosteum and the scalp.

Causes and Symptoms:

Cephalohematomas are most common in infants, especially those born vaginally. The pressure during birth can cause blood vessels to rupture, resulting in bleeding under the periosteum. They can also occur due to accidents or falls.

Symptoms of a cephalohematoma include:

• A firm, raised lump on the head.
• Limited swelling.
• The lump may be tender to the touch.
• The lump may be discolored, turning blue or purple as the blood breaks down.

Treatment and Prognosis:

Usually, cephalohematomas are benign and resolve on their own within a few weeks or months as the blood is reabsorbed by the body. However, large cephalohematomas can be concerning, especially in infants, as they can be associated with jaundice or anemia due to blood loss.

Medical professionals can:

• Monitor the size and shape of the cephalohematoma.
• Rule out any underlying fractures or skull deformities.
• Offer reassurance and advice regarding home care.

Note: It is important to consult with a healthcare provider if you suspect your child has a cephalohematoma, especially if the swelling is significant or accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, lethargy, or vomiting.

References:

• “Cephalohematoma” by M.L. Smith, J.M. Miller, in: “Pediatric Neurology,” 2020.
• “Cephalohematoma” by A. K. Das, in: “Oxford Textbook of Paediatrics,” 2018.

Additional Information:

• Prevention: While birth trauma is unavoidable, other causes of cephalohematomas can be prevented by taking safety precautions to protect infants and children from falls and injuries.
• Home care: If your child has a cephalohematoma, keeping the area clean and dry is essential. You can also gently massage the area to promote blood circulation and absorption.

By understanding the medical terminology and potential causes of cephalohematomas, parents and caregivers can feel better equipped to address and manage this common condition.